pre-print: the version of a publication before it's been edited by peer-review
post-print: also called "accepted manuscript", the version of a publication after it's been edited by peer-review but before it's been type set into the final version of record
version of record: the publication which is formally published, such as on a journal website
Green OA publishing refers to the self-archiving of published or pre-publication works for free public use, sometimes after an embargo period required by the publisher has ended. Authors provide access to preprints or post-prints (with publisher permission) in an institutional or disciplinary archive such as W&M ScholarWorks and arXiv.org.
Gold OA publishing refers to works published in an open access journal and accessed immediately upon publication via the journal or publisher's website. Publishing costs ("article processing charges") if charged are often borne by the institution or by a subsidy. Examples of Gold OA include PLOS (Public Library of Science) and BioMed Central.
Bronze OA publishing refers to works available on websites hosted by their publisher either immediately or following an embargo but not formally licensed for reuse.
Platinum OA is a term sometimes used to refer to institutional subsidy or other external funding as opposed to author fees for publishing open access
Open access (OA) refers to content freely available on the public internet and which carries less restrictive copyright and licensing terms than traditionally published works, but it is copyrighted.
The libraries heartily support OA in a number of ways:
They are reviewing, making information available and having discussions with the campus community on their "Big Deal" subscriptions, in line with other Virginia doctoral institutions.
They provide an open access repository of W&M research and scholarship, W&M ScholarWorks.
They support several open access initiatives, such as the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), Knowledge Unlatched, arXiv and more. These resources are all linked here.
Offering information including faculty workshops on free textbooks (Open Education Resources, OER) and promoting funding opportunities for authoring, adapting or adopting them.
Scholarly research indicates that not only are publishers offering more open access content from their own platforms, but they are increasingly receptive to publishing content which originally was posted open access elsewhere. Generally, this is because scholarship goes under extensive editing between initial publication as a thesis or dissertation and acceptance into a peer-review publication. The articles below speak to this effect.