Godfrey, Laurie Elizabeth. 1998. "The Printers of the Williamsburg "Virginia Gazettes", 1766-1776: Social Controls and Press Theory." Order No. 9938268, Regent University.This study examines six master printers of three printing businesses in Williamsburg, Virginia, all of whom called their newspapers the Virginia Gazette, and competed with each other prior to and during the Revolutionary War from business locations on the same street in the colonial capital. The years covered in this study are from 1766–1776. These newspapers were the key communication throughout the colony, as no others existed outside Williamsburg before 1780, other than a paper that attempted to survive under three printers in Norfolk for part of a one-year period from 1774–1775. Little attention has been paid to the Williamsburg printers from this time-frame, and much of the information that has been disseminated to date about them is inaccurate. Some researchers did not realize that there were actually three newspapers, rather than one with multiple master printers, when they all carried the same name. The first portion of this study provides a biography of each printer compiled from close readings of 907 extant issues and 129 supplements from the 11-year period, augmented with the small amounts of primary data available, and also compares and contrasts these printers with each other. The second half of the study applies criteria from Fred S. Siebert's Four Theories of the Press to ascertain whether Virginia followed the pattern of the rest of the colonies in articulating a predominantly Libertarian rather than Authoritarian stance through its newspapers in the years prior to and during the early years of the war. The findings show that Virginia did not fit the pattern, as the complete switch to a Libertarian revolutionary ideology did not occur until the last three to six months (depending on the printer) before independence was declared in that colony. This slower change in ideological development in Virginia as opposed to the middle and northern colonies probably resulted from the differences in the social structure of the colony itself as governed by the wealthy elite, and from their tremendously close attachment to the mother country over years of almost exclusive trade with Britain instead of the sister colonies in America.